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Objective To evaluate the visual improvement of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for refractory optic neuritis (ON) patients in acute phase.Methods Seventy-five affected eyes from 44 refractory ON patients with severe visual defect or resistance to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) therapy,who were admitted to The Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2015 and August 2016,were recruited and received TPE therapy.Among these patients,11 were male and 33 were female;the average age was 39.1 ± 13.9;31 patients had two affected eyes,13 patients had one affected eye.The course of the disease on the group of patients were more than 2 weeks,and the visual acuity worsened for more than 10 days and continued to deteriorate.TPE treatment was performed on all of the patients.BCVA was recorded before and 24 h after treatment,and the visual function was scored using visual outcome scale (VOS).At the same time,the adverse reactions of TPE treatment were observed.The paired t-test was used to compare the VOS before and after treatment.The correlation between VOS before and after treatment was analyzed by Linear-by-Linear correlation analysis.Results Among 75 affected eyes,the post-therapy VOS 3.89 ±2.13 was significantly improved from pre-therapy VOS 5.56± 1.69 (t=6.77,P＜0.001).Forty-eight of 75 eyes were improved at lease 1 score of VOS,the overall rate of visual improvement was 64.0％.Especially among the eyes with initial vision of light perception,an improved rate of 82.4％ was presented.75.0％ in those eyes with initial vision of count fingers and 67.7％ in no light perception.Linear-by-Linear correlation analysis showed a significant linear correlation between the scores of VOS before and after TPE treatment (r=0.398,P=0.01).During the course of TPE treatment,5 patients had mild adverse reactions such as low calcium reaction and allergic reaction and were well controlled after treatment.Conclusion Using TPE to treat refractory ON in acute phased can improve the visual function of patients.
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Objective To observe the effects of penetrance,different time of onset and mutation sites on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study.A total of 88 patients with LHON and 1492 relatives of the maternal relatives (gene carriers) who received treatment in People's Liberation Army General Hospital from 2015 to 2017 were included in the study.Among the 1492 family members,there were 694 males and 798 females.Peripheral venous blood was extracted from all subjects for mitochondrial DNA testing,and penetrance was calculated.A total of 117 patients underwent BCVA and SD-OCT examinations,including 82 patients and 35 gene carriers.The BCVA examination was performed using the Snellen visual acuity chart,which was converted into logMAR visual acuity.The thickness of RNFL,ganglion cell complex (GCC) and inner limiting membrane (ILM)-RPE were measured with OCT instrument.The mean follow-up was 50.02± 86.27 months.The disease course was divided into 6 stages including ≤3 months,4-6 months,7-12 months and ＞ 12 months.The thickness of RNFL,GCC and ILM-RPE in patients with different time of onset and mutation sites were comparatively analyzed by covariance analysis.Categorical variables were expressed as a percentage,and the x2 test was used for comparison among multiple groups.Results Among the 1492 family members,285 were diagnosed with LHON and highly suspected clinical manifestations (19.10％),including 190 males (21.98％) and 95 females (11.90％).The total penetrance rates of 11778,14484 and rare mutation sites were 19.84％ (228/1149),20.50％ (33/161),and 13.19％ (24/182) respectively;male penetrance rates were 28.87％ (153/530),27.28％ (20/72),and 18.48％ (17/92) and female penetrance rates were 12.12％ (75/619),14.61％ (13/89) and 7.78％ (7/90).There was no significant difference in total (x2=4.732),male (x2=4.263) and female (x2=4.263) penetrance between different mutation sites (P=0.094,0.110,0.349).Compared with non-pathogenic carriers,the thickness of the RNFL,GCC and ILM-RPE were all different in the four stages (≤3months,4-6 months,7-12 months and ＞12 months).The thickness ofRNFL,GCC and ILM-RPE decreased with the time of onset (P=0.000).There were significant differences in the thickness of each of the GCC and ILM-RPE layers in the macular area of LHON patients with different mutation sites (P＜ 0.05).Among them,the site 11778 and 3460 had the most severe damage in all quadrants of macular GCC and ILM-RPE layer,followed by 14484 site,and the rare site had the least damage in all quadrants.Conclusions The penetrance of LHON patients is 19.10％.With the extension of the onset time (within 1 year),the RNFL layer of the optic disc and all quadrants of the macular GCC and ILM-RPE layer gradually thinned.Compared with 11778 and rare site,14484 site,and the rare site had the lighter damage on the thickness of RNFL,GCC and ILM-RPE.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the short-term outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients with BMI index ≥24 kg/m.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Clinical data of 93 gastric cancer patients who underwent robotic and laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy at PLA General Hospital from April 2016 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The retrospective cohort study was adopted.</p><p><b>INCLUSION CRITERIA</b>preoperatively definite diagnosis of primary gastric cancer by endoscopy and biopsy; preoperative BMI ≥24 kg/m; no previous abdominal surgery; no previous chemotherapy and radiotherapy; no distant metastasis or invasion into adjacent organs before operation or during operation; receiving radical gastrectomy; Roux-en-Y reconstruction of digestive tract in open procedure. According to approaches of minimally invasive surgery, 24 patients underwent robotic surgery and 69 underwent laparoscopic surgery. The intraoperative parameters (overall operative time, pneumoperitoneal time, open procedure time, intraoperative blood loss, transfusion rate, number of total retrieved lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes) and postoperative parameters (drainage in the first postoperative day, the first defecation time, morbidity of postoperative complication and hospital stay) were compared between two groups. Correlation of the above parameters were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 93 patients, 77 were male and 16 female with an average age of (60.0±10.6) years. The average BMI was (26.8±1.3) kg/m in whole patients, (26.9±1.6) kg/m in robotic group and (26.8±1.7) kg/m in laparoscopic group. No significant differences in age, gender, BMI, preoperative ASA class, postoperative pathological findings and clinical classification were observed between two groups, which made short-term parameters between two groups comparable. The robotic group had a significantly longer overall operative time [(301.2±68.9) minutes vs. (247.3±59.6) minutes, P=0.000], longer open procedure time [(141.5±26.3) minutes vs. (92.5±36.7) minutes, P=0.029] and higher cost than laparoscopy group[(17.5×10 ± 9.7×10) yuan vs. (10.0×10 ± 2.3×10) yuan, P=0.001]. Pneumoperitoneal operative time, intraoperative blood loss, transfusion rate, number of total retrieved lymph nodes, number of harvested metastatic lymph nodes and postoperative short-term efficacy were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). In robotic group, pneumoperitoneal operative time was positively correlated with overall operative time (r=0.708, P=0.010); total cost was positively correlated with postoperative hospital stay (r=0.493, P=0.000) and open procedure time was negatively correlated with the first defecation time (r=-0.962, P=0.038). In laparoscopy group, total cost was positively correlated with overall operative time (r=0.411, P=0.046), drainage volume in the first postoperative day was positively correlated with the number of total dissected lymph node (r=0.540, P=0.006), postoperative hospital stay was positively correlated with intraoperative blood loss (r=0.574, P=0.003), total cost was positively correlated with intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay (r=0.609, P=0.002; r=0.865, P=0.000), drainage volume in the first postoperative day was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.533, P=0.007).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For gastric cancer patients with BMI ≥24 kg/m, robotic radical total gastrectomy is associated with longer operative time and higher cost, but is less vulnerable to the change of BMI and more in favor of the realization of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) than laparoscopic radical total gastectomy.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Gastrectomy , Methods , Laparoscopy , Length of Stay , Operative Time , Retrospective Studies , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Stomach Neoplasms , General Surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To explore the expression of PD-L1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and its significance.Methods Peripheral blood of 23 healthy individuals and 23 patients with PBC diagnosed in Changhai Hospital was collected during February 2013 to December 2015.PBMC was separated by density gradient centrifugation,then cultured.The mRNA expression of PD-L1 in PBMC was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR),the expression of cytokines such as TNF-α,TGF-β,IL-23,IL-17 in medium was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Two independent samples' t test was used to compare variables in two groups.Pearson correlative coefficient was used to reveal the relationship between two variables.Results mRNA expression of PD-L1 in experiment and control groups was 0.23±0.08 vs 1.27±0.40 (t=12.23,P＜0.000 1) and there was statistical significance.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that PD-L1 was negatively correlated with IL-23(r=-0.531,P =0.009) with difference statistically.Conclusion PD-L1 might involve in the development of PBC,and could be the potential biomarker for predicting and treating this disease.
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Objective To examine the relationship between CCT 5 ,γδ T cell and autoimmune diseases .Methods Recombinant CCT5 protein was cloned , expressed and purified in E.coli.Three peptides of CCT5 protein were used to prepare for anti-CCT5 monoclonal antibodies .Purified CCT5 protein was used to expand γδT cells from pe-ripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).Plasma level of CCT5 in healthy donors, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were detected by ELISA assays .The correlation analysis between plasma CCT5 concentration and the percentage of different subtypes of γδT cells measured by flow cytometry was made . Results The CCT5 gene was amplified by PCR and the length of the target fragment was 1 750 bp.The expressed 65 ku CCT5 protein was purified and validated by SDS-PAGE.Two paired monoclonal anti-CCT5 antibodies were screened to detect CCT5 protein in plasma.Immobilized recombinant CCT5 protein was able to induce specific sig-nificant amplification of peripheral γδT cells.Correlation analysis of 10 healthy donors indicated significant corre-lation between the plasma CCT 5 concentration and the proportion of Vγ9 and Vδ2 γδ T cells.The plasma CCT5 concentration significantly decreased in autoimmune diseases patients , including RA and SLE .Conclusions These data suggest that CCT 5 could be a novel Vγ9δ2 γδT cell-related factor in autoimmune diseases , which deepen the understanding of Vγ9δ2 γδT cell function in autoimmune diseases .
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Objective To examine the expression of CD93 in serous exosomes from patients with cryptococcal meningitis,fur-ther explore its clinical significance.Methods The 38 experimental serum samples were from patients who received the diag-nosis with cryptococcal meningitis in Changhai Hospital and Changzheng Hospital in Shanghai from November 2012 to De-cember 2016.The diagnosis standardization was that the cerebrospinal fluid dyeing was positive or the culturing was posi-tive.The 38 controls were collected from the health individuals examined at the same time.The exosomes in serum was sepa-rated by the ultracentrifuge method.Magnetic bead-capture combined with the flow cytometry method was used to identify antigens on the surface of exosomes.The protein level of cytokines in serum was quantified by ELISA method.The compari-son of tested values from experimental and controlled groups was measured by two independent samples't test,and the cor-relation between two variates was showed by Pearson coefficient.Results The results of flow cytometry showed that the ex-pression of CD93 on exosomes in the serum samples from experimental group was higher than that in the controlled group, which was(79.11±19.31 vs 23.98±6.56)%,with difference in statistics(t=16.66,P<0.000 1).The expression levels of IFN-γin serum samplefrom experimental and control groups were(39.78±10.77 vs 58.98±16.99)pg/ml,with differ-ence in statistics(t=5.884,P<0.000 1).The expression levels of IL-17 in serum sample from experimental and control groups were(16.32±4.03 vs 3.11±0.87)pg/ml,with difference in statistics(t=19.75,P<0.000 1).The expression lev-els of IL-1β in serum sample from experimental and control groups were(57.12 ± 12.98 vs 13.45 ± 4.78)pg/ml,with difference in statistics(t=19.46,P<0.000 1).The percentage of CD93+exosomes was positively correlative with IFN-γ, IL-17,IL-1β(r=0.488,0.456,0.532,P<0.01)in serum samples from the experimental group and there was statistical difference.Conclusion In the disease process of cryptococcal meningitis,the expression of CD93 on exosomes might involve in the diseases'processes by affecting the CD4+T cells.
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Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of demyelinating optic neuritis (DON) in Chinese children under the age of 16. Methods A retrospective review of the medical charts of 42 pediatric patients with DON was conducted in this study. Twenty-two patients (52.4%) were male, and 20 patients (47.6%) were female. The patients aged from 3 to 15 years, with the mean age of (9.5±2.3) years. There were 35 bilateral patients and 7 unilateral patients. Twenty-seven patients (64.3%) had prodromal symptoms before onset. All patients underwent visual function and imaging tests, such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, visual evoked potential (VEP), visual field, MRI. The patients were tested for serum levels of antibodies for aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) with a cell-based assay. All patients were received corticosteroid therapy. The mean follow-up was (1.17±0.42) years. The children who had coordination ability and with BCVA≥0.3 were received examination of Humphery automatic perimeter. Data were collected on the age, gender, clinical features, neuroimaging, serological specific antibodies, treatment and vision prognosis. Results 23.8% of the children were bilateral optic neuritis in onset stages. 64.2% were recurrent optic neuritis and 83.3% exhibited bilateral diseases eventually. BCVA had decreased to ≤0.1 in 87.0%% eyes and disc swelling was observed in 77.9% eyes during the onset stages. All eyes had visual field defects and abnormal VEP exam results, with delayed latency of P100 and P2, and varying degrees of amplitude reduction. Serum AQP4 antibody and MOG antibody were tested by cell-based assay, 2/42 children (4.7%) were positive for AQP4 antibody and 5/24 children (20.8%) were positive for MOG antibody. All of anti-AQP4+ and anti- MOG+ cases relapsed. All children underwent orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 40 cases (95.2%) showed demyelination features of optic nerve, and 5 cases (11.9%) showed long segments lesion (more than 1/2 length of the optic nerve). There were 2 anti-AQP4+ cases and 3 anti- MOG+ cases from the 5 cases with long segments lesion. MRI also showed brain demyelinating lesions in 4 children (3 of them were anti- MOG+) or spinal cord demyelinating lesions in 3 children (2 of them were anti- MOG+). After treatment with glucocorticoid, visual acuity improved in all eyes, of which 84.4% with BCVA≥0.5. Forty-eight eyes of 26 children accept dynamic visual field during the course of treatment, showed the vision abnormalities associated with optic nerve damage. Conclusions Children under the age of 16 with DON can experience severe visual impairment, higher recurrence tendencies, and higher rate of disc involvement, but good response to glucocorticoid therapy. AQP4 or MOG antibodies positive might be concurrent with brain and (or) spinal cord demyelinating lesions and indicated a poorer prognosis.
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Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of demyelinating optic neuritis (DON) in Chinese children under the age of 16. Methods A retrospective review of the medical charts of 42 pediatric patients with DON was conducted in this study. Twenty-two patients (52.4%) were male, and 20 patients (47.6%) were female. The patients aged from 3 to 15 years, with the mean age of (9.5±2.3) years. There were 35 bilateral patients and 7 unilateral patients. Twenty-seven patients (64.3%) had prodromal symptoms before onset. All patients underwent visual function and imaging tests, such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, visual evoked potential (VEP), visual field, MRI. The patients were tested for serum levels of antibodies for aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) with a cell-based assay. All patients were received corticosteroid therapy. The mean follow-up was (1.17±0.42) years. The children who had coordination ability and with BCVA≥0.3 were received examination of Humphery automatic perimeter. Data were collected on the age, gender, clinical features, neuroimaging, serological specific antibodies, treatment and vision prognosis. Results 23.8% of the children were bilateral optic neuritis in onset stages. 64.2% were recurrent optic neuritis and 83.3% exhibited bilateral diseases eventually. BCVA had decreased to ≤0.1 in 87.0%% eyes and disc swelling was observed in 77.9% eyes during the onset stages. All eyes had visual field defects and abnormal VEP exam results, with delayed latency of P100 and P2, and varying degrees of amplitude reduction. Serum AQP4 antibody and MOG antibody were tested by cell-based assay, 2/42 children (4.7%) were positive for AQP4 antibody and 5/24 children (20.8%) were positive for MOG antibody. All of anti-AQP4+ and anti- MOG+ cases relapsed. All children underwent orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 40 cases (95.2%) showed demyelination features of optic nerve, and 5 cases (11.9%) showed long segments lesion (more than 1/2 length of the optic nerve). There were 2 anti-AQP4+ cases and 3 anti- MOG+ cases from the 5 cases with long segments lesion. MRI also showed brain demyelinating lesions in 4 children (3 of them were anti- MOG+) or spinal cord demyelinating lesions in 3 children (2 of them were anti- MOG+). After treatment with glucocorticoid, visual acuity improved in all eyes, of which 84.4% with BCVA≥0.5. Forty-eight eyes of 26 children accept dynamic visual field during the course of treatment, showed the vision abnormalities associated with optic nerve damage. Conclusions Children under the age of 16 with DON can experience severe visual impairment, higher recurrence tendencies, and higher rate of disc involvement, but good response to glucocorticoid therapy. AQP4 or MOG antibodies positive might be concurrent with brain and (or) spinal cord demyelinating lesions and indicated a poorer prognosis.
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Background Lewis rat is a commonly used specie in experimental autoimmune uveitis(EAU).However,the characteristics of EAU,especially ocular uhrastructural change,are rarely reported.Objective This study was to investigate the inflammatory characteristics and ocular uhrastructure of EAU models in Lewis rat.Methods EAU models were induced in 12 SPF female Lewis rats(6-8 weeks old)by injection of complete Freund adjuvant(CFA) containing interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP,1177-1191) and tuberculin (TB) into footpads,napes and back of the body,and 6 normal matched rats were used as normal controls.The diet and drinking,temperature and behavior acts of the rats were recorded during the observational duration.Ocular manifestations were examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope after modeling and scored.Eyeballs were obtained in 12 days after modeling for histopathological examination,and the ultrastructures of eyeballs were observed under the scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope.The use and care of the animals complied with Statement of ARVO.Results The food-intake was (190.00± 18.03)g in the model group,and that in the control group was (285.33 ±28.02) g,showing a significant difference between them (t =4.955,P =0.012).The drinking-water volume of rats was (241.67±t 18.56)ml in the model group,which was significantly less than (289.67± 18.18)ml in the control group,showing a significant difference between them (t =3.201,P =0.033).In addition,elevated temperature and tiredness were found in the model rats.Anterior chamber empyema,iris hyperemia and occlusion of the pupil appeared in the models on the 6th day and peaked on the 12nd day after immunized,with the inflammatory scores of 3.83±0.41.The infiltration of inflammatory cells were seen in anterior chamber,ciliary body and vitreous cavity under the optical microscope in the model rats.Scanning electron microscopy found uneven iris texture,coarse ciliary surface and loosen villi of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in the model rats.Under the transmission electron microscope,the infiltration of macrophagocytes on the iris,wrinkle sparse of ciliary epithelium,myeloid bodies in retinal Müller cells and vacuolus in mitochondria of RPE cells were exhibited.No obvious abnormality was found in the control rats.Conclusions Lewis rats are autoimmune status following injection of CFA with IRBP(1177-1191) and TB.The morphology and ultrastructure of eyeballs in the EAU rats can explain the finding of eyes.
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Background C57BL/6(B6) is a kind of routine mouse specie used in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) research.Previous studies showed that the pathogenesis of uveitis related to inflammatory cytokines secreted by different helper T(Th) cells.However,the interaction of different Th cells in EAU is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the dynamic changes of inflammatory factors in the spleen and serum after immunization in EAU mice.Methods Forty-four SPF B6 mice were immunized by injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) and complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) emulsion via caudal vein and footpad.Indirect ophthalmoscope was used to examine the eyes 3 times per week and the inflammatory response was scored based on Thurau's criteria.In the thirty day after injection,20 model eyes were extracted and the sections of eye tissue were prepared for histopathological examination.The spleens of model mice were enucleated before injection and 2,5,10,15,20,25,30 days after injection,and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the contents of interleukin-17 (IL-17) mRNA,interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA and IL-10 mRNA,and the contents of IL-17,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-10 in model serum were assayed by ELISA in 24 model mice.The experimental protocol and use of the animals were approved by Ethic Committee for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Results Mild inflammatory response was seen in 12 days under the indirect ophthalmoscope with the scores of 0.5.The inflammatory scores peaked in 13-15 days with the scores of 1.0 and alleviated after that with the inflammatory scores of 0.5 in 30 days after injection.The histopathological score was consistent with the clinical score in the models on the 30 days.The serum IL-17 content of model mice was (0.98±0.05) ng/L before injection and increased to (51.85 ±2.42) ng/L on the fifth day,and decreased to (4.01±0.06)ng/L on the fifteen day.But,the serum IL-17 level increased to (25.00±0.94)ng/L again on the 25th day,and then lowed to (6.01 ±0.21)ng/L 30 days after injection,showing a significant elevation in comparison with that of before injection (P=0.000).The serum IFN-γ content of the model mice was (1.02±0.09)ng/L before injection and increased to (50.54±0.48) ng/L on the fifth day,and (73.21±0.12) ng/L on the tenth day,and then it declined gradually until (5.15±0.18)ng/L in the 30th day,which was still higher than that of before injection (P=0.000).After injection of IRBP+CFA,the serum TNF-α level upregulated from the second day to fifth day with the peak values (134.25±0.59)ng/L,and declined to valley on 15th day.A repeat elevation of serum TNF-α level was found on the 20th day with the values (60.54±0.62)ng/L and followed by decrease till the 30th day,which was higher than that of before injection (P=0.660).Serum IL-10 was detectable in the tenth day and peaked on the 15th day.Then a slight decrease was seen till the 30th day,compared with before injection(P =0.000).The contents of IL-10 mRNA,IL-17 mRNA,TNF-α mRNA,IFN-γmRNA in mice spleens followed the same pattern with serum levels of their proteins.Conclusions IL-17,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-10 are key inflammatory factors of Th1,Th2 and Th17,they present with specific changes during EAU,it confirming that IFN-γ probably play a pathogenic role in EAU,IL-17 and TNF-α levels probably associated with the chronic and recurrent procedure of uveitis,IL-10 plays an inhibit role in EAU.
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To observe the potential protective effect of angiopoietin-1 [Ang-1] on rat choroidal neovascularization [CNV] leakage. The study was conducted at the Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China from June 2012 to June 2013. Thirty CNV model rats were induced by laser. In vivo, fluorescein fundus angiography and pathological techniques were applied to detect the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and Ang-1 intravitreous injection. In vitro, 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2, 5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay was applied to detect the proliferation of cultured bovine retinal endothelial cells [BRECs] after treatment with VEGF and Ang-1. Transmission electron microscopy [TEM] was used to detect the morphological changes under VEGF and Ang-1. In the CNV rat model, less late leakage was found in the Ang-1 group than the vehicle control or the VEGF group. The MTT assay showed Ang-1 administration inhibited the proliferation of BRECs. The VEGF promoted proliferation at low concentrations and inhibited the proliferation when its concentration reached 50 ng/ml. The administration of VEGF+Ang-1 rescued the inhibition effect of Ang-1 alone. The TEM results showed that there were less intercellular junctions in the VEGF group compared with the vehicle control. In the VEGF + Ang-1 group, the intercellular junctions were nearly normal. The Ang-1 can induce intercellular junction formation and decrease the CNV leakage
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Angiopoietin-1 , Angiopoietin-1/pharmacology , Rats , Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapyABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The mortality and disability associated with progressing ischemic stroke are much higher than general ischemic stroke. This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for progressing ischemic stroke in the Han population of northeast China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2511 patients with ischemic stroke within 24 hours admitted to Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were studied, from November 2007 to May 2009. All of the patients were classified into the progressing or non-progressing group according to the scores of the Scandinavian Neurological Stroke Scale. Fifteen putative risk factors were evaluated. The influence of risk factors for progressing ischemic stroke was analyzed with the simple Logistic analysis, the multiple Logistic analysis, and the stepwise Logistic regression model. All the statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.1.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 359 (14.3%) patients met the criteria for progressing ischemic stroke. The Logistic analysis showed that age, family stroke history, smoking history, hypertension on admission, a drop in blood pressure after admission to the hospital, high serum glucose on admission, and fever were related to progressing ischemic stroke in the Han population of northeast China.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>People of the ischemic stroke with these factors are more likely to develop progressing ischemic stroke.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , China , Epidemiology , Regression Analysis , Risk Factors , Stroke , EpidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of tamoxifen on pituitary tumor transforming gene ex-pression in C6 cell and tumor growth of glioma in vivo. Methods Animal models were established on 32 SD rats with C6 cells of glioma. The rats bearing with C6 glioma were divided into 4 groups randomly, which were treated without tamoxifen or with different doses of tamoxifen(0. 02 mg · kg-1 · d-1, 0. 2 mg · kg-1 · d-1, 2mg · kg-1 · d-1) once a day for 20 days. The dimension of tumors were measured, the tumor inhibition rates were caculated, and living state of the rats were observed. The expression of PTTG mRNA was detected by RTPCR. Results All kinds of doses of tamoxifen could inhibit the tumors growth in rats with C6 glioma, and the tumor volume were reduced by 47.6%, 35.5% and 21.2% in the high-, middle-and low-dose groups respec-tively, there were significantly differences among the 4 groups ( P < 0. 05 ). Low-, middle- and high- dose of tamoxifen all could inhibit the expression of PTTG mRNA, and there were significantly differences among the 4 groups in PTTG mRNA expression ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion Tamoxifen can inhibit PTTG expression and the growth of glioma cell line C6 in vivo significantly in dose-dependent manner, which provides a theory basis for clicinal use of tamoxifen in patients with gliomas.